Efecto de la elicitación con metil jasmonato en la actividad antioxidante del extracto metanólico de Coleus hadiensis
Resumen
Los metabolitos secundarios de plantas presentan actividades antioxidantes de interés farmacéutico y cosmético al neutralizar especies reactivas de oxígeno implicadas en enfermedades asociadas a daño oxidativo. La elicitación con fitohormonas como el metil jasmonato (MeJA), un potente elicitor abiótico, simula condiciones de estrés y activa rutas biosintéticas, lo que podría incrementar la cantidad de compuestos antioxidantes. Este estudio evaluó si la elicitación con MeJA aumenta la actividad antioxidante del extracto metanólico de Coleus hadiensis. La planta se elicitó durante 24 días con aplicaciones foliares dos veces por semana. Tras la elicitación se realizó un tamizaje cualitativo que confirmó fenoles, alcaloides, esteroles/esteroides y cumarinas. Se determinó el contenido fenólico total el cual fue significativamente mayor en el grupo elicitado, con un incremento aproximado de 20 mg GAE/g sobre el control. Se determinó la actividad antioxidante por DPPH, la cual aumentó de forma significativa tras la elicitación (p=0,009), consistente con una mayor capacidad captadora de radicales libres asociada al aumento de fenoles. En conjunto, la aplicación foliar de MeJA se confirma como una estrategia viable para potenciar la acumulación de metabolitos secundarios y la actividad antioxidante del extracto metanólico de C. hadiensis, incrementando su valor biotecnológico y farmacológico.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Ana Laura Valdez-Arellanes, José Abraham Recendiz-Cerda, Ana Mariel Torres-Contreras, Karla Ramírez-Estrada

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